Economic analysis fails when discussing #software: economists want to think about software as a commodity, where one app is a drop in replacement for another, like buying wheat or oil from a different supplier. User-facing software is really about a culture and conversation between users and developers. Consider #Microsoft #Teams and #emacs Org-mode. This would entirely fail in either direction, the cultures are too different. Teams is for large top-down mgmt, emacs for decentralized hackers. 1/